AB(F1)之20分钟学会PESTEL 模型

另外还有一个知识点 redundancy 裁员，可能公司业绩不佳或者公司现在不需要某个项目或者部门，然后对此相关的员工遭到解雇，裁员是雇主需按要求进行补偿，具体补偿费用是根据你在职时间决定的，但是有一下三种情况不需要补偿。

The employer has made an offer of suitable alternative employmentand the employee has unreasonably rejected it.

The employee is of pensionable age or over, or has less than twoyears'; continuous employment.

The employee';s conduct merits dismissal without notice.

Social-cultural factors 其实和marketing 紧密联合，我们不管是去研究社会阶层，还是文化趋势，都是为了能够更加接近客户，进行有效的市场分析。

【Technological  factors】

技术方面的影响，主要涉及三个方面，第一个是组织架构，由于科技的发展，组织架构慢慢从tall 变为flat，span of control 控制幅度也加大了，第二个层面是日常运营，能够通过计算机更加高效，第三个也最重要的一个：

外包，将公司部分给外部承包商完成，它的优缺点也是同学们需要掌握的。

【Theenvironmental factors】

环境因素，有两类成本需要同学们了解，第一个就是已经发生的直接或者间接费用，第二个就是预期可能会发生的费用，我们叫做Contingent or intangible environmental costs.

另外，还有两个名词需要大家掌握，Sustainability，可持续性，主要强调我们现在的发展不应该以牺牲未来后代的利益来进行，因此我们企业需要披露可持续性报告以及综合性报告，来对企业财务信息和非财务信息进行说明。

好了，大雪对PESTEL 的分析就到此为止，大家来做两个题试试吧：

Which of the following is not a legitimate method of influencing government policy in the interests of a business?

A. Employing lobbyists to put the organisation’s case to ministers or civil servants

B. Giving lawmakers non-executive directorships

C. Offering financial incentives to public officials to use their influence on the organisation’s behalf

D. Attempting to influence public opinion, to put pressure on the legislative agenda

【Answer】C

【Explanation】Rationale: This would be interpreted as corruption. The other options are usually legitimate methods of influence. Although B may be questionable in some parts of the world, in others like the UK it is perfectly legitimate.

Outsourcing is often associated with which business processes?

A. Allowing employees to work from home

B. Sourcing data from outside the company

C. Transferring call centres overseas

D. Sending staff on foreign assignments

【Answer】C

【Explanation】Outsourcing means that some of the processes previously undertaken by the company itself are now being transferred to an external supplier.